Aerodrome.



Patented N0v..28, 1911.

4 sufimwsmm 4.

H. KARDO", DEGD. A. A. KREMEB. & 1.. VON KEVIGZKY, ADMINISTRATORS. AER-ODROME. APPLIOATION FILED DEG. 27, 1909.

UNITED snares PATENT OFFICE.

NEW YORK, N. Y.; ARPAD A. -KREMER AND LADISLAUS VON KEVICZKY, BOTH OF NEW YORK COUNTY, NEW YORK, ADMINISTRATORS 0F SAID HUGO KARDOS, DECEASED.

AERODROIVIE.

Specification'of Letters Patent. Patented Nov, 28, 1911.

Application filed December 27, 1909. Serial No. 535,119.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it'yknown that I, HUeo KARDos, a sub jeet of the Kinggof Hungary, residing at New York, in thecountypf New York and State of New York, havev invented certain new and useful' Improvements ir'rAerodromes, of whieh'the following is a speci rability, simplicity, safety and perfect con trol underall unforeseen and unexpected aerial conditions.

-I attain the above object by a machine embodying a main and central frame, stern planes, 1 how planes, intermediate planes,

trucks, and a propeller and mechanismfor' Associated with these operating 1e same. n elements or instrumentalltles are certain de vices for adyustmg the planes, and normally maintaining the planes in a horizontal po-' retarding anundue movement of certain planeswhenencountering air currents. All of these elements a'nd'd'evilces will be hereinafter considered separately under their respective captions and then considered collectively in the general operation of the machine, 1 Reference will now behad to the drawings. wherein i p Figure 1 is a plan 'of the aerodrome, partly broken away, Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, Fig. 3 is a View of the bow of the machine, Fig. etis a-view of the stern of the machine, Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional. view of a plane or wing shifting device, Fig. 6 is a plan of the same, Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of one of the intermediate planes or wings, showing the flap valves thereof ,closed, Fig. 8 is a similar view with the valves open, Fig. 9 is aplanof a portion of one of the nnermedlate planes or wings, and Fig. 10 is an enlarged elevation, partly broken away and partly in section, of a cushioning and retarding device adapted to.

be used in connection with the intermediate planes or wings.

The main and central frame of themachine, besides other frames carried thereby, is. constructed of bamboo or a lightand durable material, but in such machines capable cre mg four or five passengers, the various frames can be constructed of metal, forinstance'piping connected by e1 bows and Ts. "j

The main and central frame comprises a rectangular frame 1 having {the rear end thereof provided with an inverted V-shaped frame 2 and connected to said frame isjan.

eXtensionB having the outer end thereof provided with a central bearing 4 longitudinally alining with a bearing 5, carried by the frame 2. and 5 is a longitudinal propeller shaft 6 and the rear'endpf said shaft is provided with propeller bladesf7,'while the forward end is provided with a crank 8 adapted to Journaled in the bearings 1 be connected to the piston 9 of an engine cylinder :10, the engine 11 being supported upon a platform 12' in the main frame 1'. The propeller is.employed fordriving the maohin e forward. i

The extension} is'provided with horizontal side frames 13 and these frames are ,adaptedto support stern planes 14.- ma de of silk ora suitable cloth. Y n The forward rods 15 of theframes 13 are provided with side extensions 16 and pivotally mounted upon said side extensions,

as at 1-7-are shiftable stern plane frames 18 adapted to support planes 1S) somewhat similar to the planes 1%, with the exception that the outer rearfedges of said planes are rounded. Encircling the extensions 16 are coiled springs 20, each spring having one end fixedto the extensions 16, as at 21,

while the opposite end of the spring ex-.

tends over the planes 19, as at 22, the end of one spring extending over the plane and the end of the other spring under the-plane.

The function of these springs is to normally maintain the shiftable planes in a horizontalposition. Tn order that the planes can be shifted, a pivot connection 17 of each I plane is provide d""with an upwardly extending arm 1 and a depending ;arm 24. Connected to the outer ends of these arms are cables 25, said cables havi ng the'rear ends thereof connected to the rearv edges of the frames 18, as at 26, while the forward ends pass over sheaves 27 and extend to the platform 12, whereby they can be manipulated by the operator of the machine.

The forward end of the frame 1 supports a transverse bow frame 28 having a central depending portion :29. The frame 28 is adapted to support bow planes 30'constructe ed of a material similar to the frames ll and 19; The frame 28 is connected by angularly disposed braces 31 to the rods 15 of the side frames 18, and it is these braces that support the revoluble sheaves 27. The frame 28 is provided with hangers for an axle 33 supporting revolulile wheels 34, the hangers, axle and wheels constituting a for ward truck. while a rear truck is carried by the frame 1 and comprises hangers and a single wheel I The frame 1 is provided with uprights 37, 3S and slidably mounted upon the uprights 37 are the upper and lower sleeves 39 of a vertically movable shifting frame 40. The upper ends of the uprights 38 are connected'by a transverse rod 41 having pivotally mounted thereon sector frames 42 which are connected together by transverse tie rods l3. The frames are angularly adjusted on their pivots by vertically moving the frame 40 and said frames 4). constitute an adjusting device for changing the angularity of the interi'nediate planes or wings with respect to the longitudinal axis of the machine. The upper sleeves 39 of the frame 40 are provided with vertical grooves 4A and with the inner wall thereof toothed with the teeth 46 of the sector frames 4:2, The teeth 4:5 and 46 are the slipping of'the sector frames 42 when the sector frames -12 are adjusted on their pivotsby vertically moving the frame 40. The outer sides of the with bearings 47 and pivotally connected to said bearings are the intermediate frames 48 for supporting the intermediate planes 19 which are constructed of a material similar to the planes 14, 19 and 30. The frames 48 are provided with longitudinal rods 50 and pivotally mounted upon said rods are piston rods 51 each carrying a piston arranged within a cylinder 52 which is sup ported upon the upper end of a verticallydisposed 'pitman 'The pitmen 53 are pivotally connected to the cranks 54L of a shaft 55. The shaft 55 is journaled in bearings 56 carried by the braces 31. and the frame 1, and said shaft intermediate the ends thereof is provided with a crank portion 57 and a pitman 58, the pitman 58 be as at &5 which are adapted to mesh' adapted to prevent frames 12 are provided ing driven from a suitable source of power,

as an engine located upon the platform 12. The stroke of each of the pitmen 53 is such that when they move upwardly, the

lower end of the cylinder 52 engaging with the piston on the lower end of the rod 51 will elevate an intermediate winged plane and (in the downward movement of each of the pitmen 53 the cap of the cylinder engag ing with the piston within the cylinder will carry the pistonrod 51 tl'ierewith, thereby lowering the intermediate or winged plane. The manner in which the piston rods 51 are connected to the pitmen 53 enables the ad justing of the intermediate winged planes by the sector frames 42-.

The planes al are provided with. openings (30 adapted to be closed by llaps (31., somewhat. similar to flap valves and to always maintain these tiaps in position to be closed by a current of air, the lower edges of the flaps are connected by a cable 32 and one end of the cable is fixed to the frame &8 of'each intermediate plane or wing.

To add rigidity to the entire machine,

' cables (33, G4 and ()5 are used, the cables (53 extending from the upper ends of the uprights 3b to the rear end of the frame 1. the cables (ll extending from the upper ends of the uprights 37 to the forward end of the bow plane, while the cables (35 are arranged lrngitudinally of the bow plane to stiffen the same. I

A suitable carriage or basket (Klcan be arranged in the frame 1 for carrying passen gers, baggage or such matter to be transported by the machine. lathe operation of the n'iachine, the operator is enabled to control the engines ll and 59 and aside from these means of corn trol, the operator must manipulate the cables 25, to raise and lower the stern planes according to the elevation desired. 'lhrougl'iout the operation or tlight of the aer lane, theintern'iediate planes or wings are oscillatcthand. to compensate for an adjustment of the angularity of the plane of wing shifting device, the pistons 51 amlcyl'inders 5:5 are used.

As the stern and bow planes cover a large area; the machine can be safely used and after a desired elevation has been reached, a cessation in the operation of the intermediate planes orwings will allow these planes or wings to cooperate with the stern and bow planes during a. soaring movement of the machine or during the operation of the stern propeller. The intermediate planes or wings are principally employed for obtaining desired elevations after the stern planes have been set whereby air currents encountered will have a tendency to deflect the machine either upward or downward depending upon the 'manner in which the intermediate winged planes have been angularly adjusted by-the adjustable stern planes are shifted,

bow plane's supported from the'main frame, oscillatory intermediate planes, means for pivotally supporting and angularly adjustmg said intermediate planes, said means supported by said frame, and means for oscillating said intermediate planes.

2. An aerodrome comprising a frame, a stationary and an adjustable stern plane supported from said frame, a propeller supported from said frame and arranged at the rear of the machine, bow planes supported from said frame, a pair of'sector frames pivotally supported upon the main frame, means for shifting said sector frames'upon their pivots, intermediate planes pivotally ponlnected to said sector frames and angushi ted, and means supported from-the main any stern plane and supported from said frame, bow planes supported from said frame,.a pair ofpivoted'sector frames arranged above said frame, means supported from said frame for shifting said sector frames upon their pivots, intermediate planes pivotally connected to said sector rames and adapted tobe angularly adjusted with respect to the longitudinalaxls of I said frame by said sector frames when these latter are shifted on their pivots, and means supported from said frame and operatively connected with said intermediate planes-for oscillating them.

4. An aerodrome comprising a supporting frame, stern planes carried thereby, a stern propeller arranged rearward ly of said stern planes and adapted to be driven from a source of energy carried by said frame, bow planes fixed relatively to said frame, a vertically above said movable element supported frame, a pair of pivoted sector frames aradjusted when said sector frames are,

ranged above said frame and engaged and shifted on their pivots bysaid element, intermediate planes pivotally connected to said sector frames and adapted to be angularly adjusted with respect to the longitudinal axis of said frame when said sector frames are shifted on. their pivots, and means supported from said frame andoperatively connected to said intermediate planes for oscillating them.

5. An aerodrome comprising a supporting frame, a stationary stern plane and a pair of adjustable stern planes supported from said main frame, a propeller arranged rearwardly of said stern planes, a drive shaft for the propeller arranged over said stationary stern plane and supported from said frame, bow planes supported from said frame, a pairof pivoted sector frames arranged above said frame, means supported from said frame for shifting said sector frames upon their pivots, intermediate lanes pivotally connected to said sector rames and adapted to be angularly adjusted with respect to the longitudinal axis of said frame by said sector frames when these latter are shifted on their pivots, and means supported from said frame and operatively connected with said intermediate planes for oscillating them, each of said intermediate planes having openings formed therein, and

flaps for closing said openings.

6. An aerodrome comprising a supporting frame, stern planes carried thereby, a stern propeller arranged rearwardly of said stern planes and adapted to be driven from a source of energy carried by said frame, bow planes fixed relatively to said frame, a vertically movable element supported above said frame, a pair of pivoted sector frames arranged above said frame andengaged and shifted on their pivots by said element, intermediate planes pivotally connected to said sector frames and adapted to be angularly adjusted with respect to the longitudinal axis of said frame when said sector frames are shifted on their pivots, means supported from said frame and operatively connected to said intermediate planes for oscillating them, each of said intermediate planes having openings formed therein, and flaps for closing said openings. I i

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

HUGO KARDOS. WVitnesses Pnzmon J. Evan, L. BLAKE. 

